1.1 Aim and Scope

The SID digest is the signature conference proceeding covering the leading conferences of the Society for Information Display that publishes original works dealing with the theory and practice of information display. Coverage includes materials, devices and systems; the underlying chemistry, physics, physiology and psychology; measurement techniques, manufacturing technologies; and all aspects of the interaction between equipment and its users. Review articles are also published in all of these areas. Occasional SID digest also publishes special topics or sections consist of collections of papers on specific topical areas or collections of full length articles based on modern trend in the field and endorsed by the Society for Information Display.
 

Abstracting and Indexing Information

  • Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database (ProQuest)
  • ArticleFirst (OCLC)
  • CAS: Chemical Abstracts Service (ACS)
  • COMPENDEX (Elsevier)
  • Ergonomics Abstracts (EBSCO Publishing)
  • INSPEC (IET)
  • Science Citation Index Expanded (Clarivate Analytics)
  • SciTech Premium Collection (ProQuest)
  • SCOPUS (Elsevier)
  • Technology Collection (ProQuest)
  • TEMA: Technik und Management (WTI-Frankfurt eG)
  • Web of Science (Clarivate Analytics)

1.2 Call for Papers: Display Week

The Display Week is a premier conference sponsored by the Society for Information Display. The Display Week solicits original contributed papers in the various fields of display technology, including materials, optics, electronics, applications, etc.

The Display Week 2025 Technical Symposium will place emphasis on four special topics of interest to address rapid growth in the following areas: (1) Artificial Intelligence Including Machine Learning for Imaging; (2) Ultra-High Bandwidth Display Data Transmission and Processing; and, new for 2025, (3) Heterogeneous Integration on Glass and Other Substrates for Emerging Applications, and (4) Sustainable Displays and Green Technologies. Submissions relating to these special topics in the field of information display are highly encouraged.

For more details, please refer to the Call of Papers page.
 

1.3 Submission

1.3.1.      Author Guidelines

 

SCOPE 

 

The SID digest of the Society for Information Display publishes original works dealing with the theory and practice of information display. Coverage includes materials, devices and systems; the underlying chemistry, physics, physiology and psychology; measurement techniques, manufacturing technologies; and all aspects of the interaction between equipment and its users. Review articles are also published in all of these areas.

 

Occasional special issues or sections consist of collections of papers on specific topical areas or collections of full length papers based in part on oral or poster presentations given at conferences sponsored by the Society for Information Display (SID).         

EDITORIAL PROCESS  

All manuscripts submitted are reviewed by the program subcommittee, which includes at least two experts in the subject matter of the manuscript, to assure novelty, accuracy and the appropriate application of scientific and technologic methods.

 

The SID digest is published in English. The Editors will help only with minor revisions in English. A manuscript may be rejected if it requires major revision in the technical content or language. The typical acceptance rate of the Display week is 60%.  

 

The quality of technical papers depends, in part, on its readability. Completeness and readability are therefore key acceptance criteria for the Journal. We recommend that authors consider using editorial services prior to submission, especially if English is not their primary language. We have found that those who systematically have papers professionally edited are more likely to get recognized in their profession. 

 

The submissions that are out of scope or otherwise inappropriate may be rejected or returned to the author without peer review.

 

MANUSCRIPT CATEGORIES         

 

Two types of manuscripts are accepted for publication: (1) regular contributed papers and (2) invited papers

 

Papers are normally 4 published pages , but longer papers will be considered also. (Assume 900 words/page, with a figure consuming 200 words and a displayed equation 40 words.) Each paper must include an abstract of up to 200 words .

 

Reviews are typically 4 published pages and may be included provided they contribute an analysis that advances our understanding of the subject and make substantial reference to recent research.

 

Authors should specify one of the above categories when submitting a paper to the Journal. The Editors may, under some circumstances, publish a submission under a different paper category than the author originally requested, with the consent of the author.  

MANUSCRIPT SUBMISSION 

 

Submission of a manuscript amounts to the assurance that it has not been published or accepted for publication elsewhere, that it is not under consideration elsewhere, and that it will not be submitted elsewhere while it is considered for publication in this conference proceedings.       

Where to Submit your Manuscript 

 

The Journal operates an online submission and peer review system that allows authors to submit articles online and track their progress, throughout the peer-review process, via a web interface. All manuscripts must be submitted online via ScholarOne Manuscripts, located at http://mc.manuscriptcentral.com/sid. Full instructions and support are available on the site, and a user ID and password can be obtained on the first visit. Please have the following information ready:

 

Author ship

Authorship gives recognition and credit for work done, accountability for reported research, confers moral and legal rights (copyright) and plays an important role in shaping academic careers. However, authorship issues remain a common concern faced by editors. COPE’s discussion document on authorship explores the issues in detail and provides practical advice. The SID Digest strongly endorsed the COPE recommendations to allow for transparency about who contributed to the work and in what capacity for authorship and contributorship as well as processes for managing potential disputes.

The authors name should have the title (e.g. Dr., Prof.) first name, middle initial, and last name  order of appearance in the list of authors e-mail address primary (work) telephone number (optional) primary (work) fax number postal address, including department and institution SID membership status (fellow, senior, member, student, non-member).      

The authors are encouraged to include the “author contribution statements” that explain how each author contributed to a piece of work.

An individual who does not meet authorship criteria for a specific piece of work but has contributed in some capacity should be acknowledged, with their approval. Minors who have been involved in a piece of research (for example, children using technology) are typically acknowledged as they cannot be fully accountable for all aspects of the research.

Deceased authors

If a manuscript is submitted with a deceased author listed, or an author passes away while the manuscript is being peer reviewed, then a footnote or similar should be added to the published article to indicate this. The authors are encouraged to use a dagger symbol (†) with a footnote explaining the situation. A co-author should vouch for the contribution made by the deceased author and their potential conflicts of interest. If the deceased author was a corresponding author then another co-author should be nominated. Note that copyright is considered personal property under the law. If the author had not yet signed a copyright transfer agreement or license, or granted a co-author the right to do so on his/her behalf in writing, permission would need to be obtained from the author’s inheritor.

Author name changes after publication

In cases where authors wish to change their name following publication, SID digest will update and republish the paper and redeliver the updated metadata to indexing services on the Wiley page. The editorial and production teams will use discretion in recognizing that name changes may be of a sensitive and private nature for various reasons including (but not limited to) alignment with gender identity, or as a result of marriage, divorce, or religious conversion. Accordingly, to protect the author's privacy, we will not publish a correction notice to the paper, and we will not notify co-authors of the change. Authors should contact the EIC and SID admin with their name change request.

Authorship disputes

The authors shall reach out to the EIC if they cannot resolve the dispute themselves.

 

Required Electronic files 

 

* Cover letter: will be accessible to the Editor-in-Chief and Associate Editors only, not to reviewers and can be used e.g. to let the Editors know whether the manuscript is submitted as a regular paper or as a contribution to a Special Section of Journal. If it is submitted as a contribution to a Special Section, then please also mention the title of the Special Section. Note that the submission system also allows specifying whether the submission is for a Special Section, and has a field to enter the title of the Special Section. Please also fill these fields correctly.

 

* Manuscript: for the first submission (review phase) a manuscript in PDF file format with embedded illustrations (with proper captioning and referral from the text) is allowed. In this case, with the exception of the embedded illustrations, follow the guidelines listed below for the final text-only manuscript submission. Moreover make sure that all embedded illustrations are of sufficient resolution and image quality to allow proper reviewing of the manuscript. If needed, better versions of the illustrations can be uploaded separately as individual files, which is mandatory anyway if and once the manuscript is accepted for publication. Accepted manuscripts must be provided in a text only format, in Microsoft Word, WordPerfect or LaTex (instructions for preparing a compatible LaTeX document are listed below). It is also allowed that authors from the beginning submit a text-only manuscript with illustrations uploaded separately. 

 

GTOC abstract : preferably including an appropriate figure or other illustration. See the description above. Text and figure can be uploaded separately, but please use filenames beginning with ‘GTOC’.

 

* Key words: Subject-matter key words (up to six) for the manuscript  Suggested and/or excluded reviewers (include name, e-mail address, institution).

 

Guidelines for the preparation of the manuscript 

 

It is preferred that a one-column page style on a in 8½” x 11” (preferred) or A4 page size is used with double line spacing and a relatively large font size, e.g. 12 points for body text. The Journal prefers the use of the following fonts: Arial, Helvetica, Times ((New) Roman). Use only Latin or Greek letters, and Arabic or Roman numerals.

 

Title: enter the full title and affiliations of all authors. Give the full address, including email, telephone and - if possible – fax number, of the author who is to check the proofs.

 

Abstract: Enter an abstract of approximately 50 words for a letter and up to 200 words for the other categories of manuscripts; it should be a concise statement of objectives, methods results and conclusions of the work.

 

Keywords: Include up to six keywords.

 

Units: Metric (SI) units are strongly preferred. English units may be used parenthetically, e.g. 120 cd/m (35 fL).

 

Figures: in the PDF file for review, figures may be embedded in the text (with proper captioning) or assembled at the end of the manuscript, in which case it should be clearly indicated in the text where the figures should be positioned, using a centered line: “Insert Figure nn about here”. In the text-only manuscript, also use this method to indicate the approximately desired location of the illustrations.

 

Captions should be sufficiently clear that the figures can be understood without reference to the paper text. The axes of graphs should have self-explanatory labels. Units must be stated on the axes, elsewhere on the graph, or in the caption. All text included in a graph should have a sufficiently large font size to be readable when the graph is reduced to a width of 7.5 cm.

 

Equations: in the manuscript must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numbers.

 

References:  All references should be numbered consecutively in order of appearance and should be as complete as possible. In text citations should be superscript numbers. Sample references follow:

 

·                  Journal article:

 

1.               Stewart KA, Wager JF. Thin‐film transistor mobility limits considerations.J Soc Info Disp. 2016;24(6):386–393.

 

·                  Book:

 

1.               Hoppert, M. Microscopic techniques in biotechnology. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH; 2003.

 

 • Journal titles are abbreviated; abbreviations may be found in the following: MEDLINE Index Medicus , or CalTech Library 

 • For more information, please see the Vancouver Reference Style Guide   

 

  

Instructions for preparing and uploading manuscripts in LaTeX format: 

 

Supported LaTex versions: 
ScholarOne Manuscripts supports version 7.4.5 and earlier. 
After the ScholarOne Manuscripts version 4.11 release, TeXLive 2012, pdfTeX, Version 3.1415926-2.4-1.40.13 (TeX Live 2012) are supported. 

Advised procedure 
Always upload the main LaTeX file first. Next, upload all supporting files: ALL style sheets, reference files, bibliography files, etc, that are referred to in the main .TEX file and select "Tex/Latex Suppl File".

 

Important Notes: 

 

If any changes are made to the main LaTeX document after all of the supporting files have been uploaded, all files will have to be removed and re-uploaded. We recommend that all image files be one of the following file types: .gif .jpg .png .ps .eps .pdf All 'calls' (includegraphics, BIB, STY calls, etc) must be called from the root-top level directory. Sub-directory calls are not allowed. Furthermore, all calls of files must include the file extension, e.g.: image1.jpg, figure2.pdf. ScholarOne Manuscriptcentral has many (over a 1000) of the routinely seen/used BIB, STY, CLS files stored in their repository. Nevertheless it is not a bad idea for authors to always upload the BIB,STY,CLS, etc. called in their main TEX file just to have them in place if they are using something specific.

 

Testing your LaTeX files before uploading: 
To test LaTeX files, download a free program called TeXnicCenter, which is available at: http://sourceforge.net/projects/texniccenter/

 

Download TeXnicCenter, and then put all the manuscript files into a separate folder on your desktop. Open TeXnicCenter and browse to the folder containing the manuscript files. In the folder, you will see (at least) one file with a "T" on it. Double click that file. From the TeXnicCenter menu bar, click Build. Select Current File and then Build. The software will run the file for you. Errors will be indicated by a red circle with an X in the bottom panel. 

PROOFS 

 

Authors will receive an e-mail notification with a link and instructions for accessing HTML page proofs online. Page proofs should be carefully proofread for any copyediting or typesetting errors. Online guidelines are provided within the system. No special software is required, all common browsers are supported. Authors should also make sure that any renumbered tables, figures, or references match text citations and that figure legends correspond with text citations and actual figures. Proofs must be returned within 48 hours of receipt of the email. Return of proofs via e-mail is possible in the event that the online system cannot be used or accessed.

TRADEMARKS AND PATENT 

 

Authors may not use any Trademarks or Patented names, product names and numbers, or marketing or promotional phrases that in any way are associated with the subject of the paper. Similarly, the names of the sponsoring commercial, academic, or governmental organizations may not be used in the body or the text. These items may be included in footnotes, references, or acknowledgments if they are necessary to improve communication of the scientific or technical results to the readers, or if the sponsor requires that the author acknowledge such sponsorship. Exceptions are made when authors use trade or product names to describe substrates, other display components, display materials, or manufacturing or test equipment used during the course of the research work reported on.

 

The Editors will, however, review all these exceptions and may disallow them if they violate the original intent of this policy.

COPYRIGHT AND PERMISSIONS 

 

Copyright Transfer Agreements (CTA) are located in Wiley Author Services. Once your article has been received by Wiley for production, the corresponding author will receive an email from Wiley’s Author Services system which will ask them to log in and will present them with the appropriate license for completion.

 

Permission grants — if the manuscript contains extracts, including illustrations, from other copyright works (including material from on-line or intranet sources) it is the author's responsibility to obtain written permission from the owners of the publishing rights to reproduce such extracts using the Wiley permission request form. The author is also responsible for identifying and acknowledging any trademarks or service marks used in the manuscript.

 

The Copyright Transfer Agreement and the Permissions Request Form should be uploaded as ‘supplementary files not for review’ with the online submission of your article.

 

Additional information may be obtained by contacting the JSID Administrator at: jsidadmin@sid.org , and the JSID Editor-in-Chief at: editor@sid.org

 

Editor-in-Chief 

 

SID digest of the Society for Information Display

 

Plagiarism

 

The SID digest uses ithenticate software to check the plagiarism and manuscript with more than 30% overlap require additional justification otherwise are rejected without review.

 

Duplicate or redundant publication:

  The authors must avoid duplicate publication, which is reproducing verbatim content from their other publications.

  All the previously published results, including numerical information and figures or images, are labeled to make it clear where they were previously reported.

  The authors must ensure that the manuscript is an original work, has not been published before, and is not being considered for publication elsewhere in its final form.

  The following types of “prior publication” do not present cause for concerns about duplicate or redundant publication (see also the information in these guidelines on preprints):

  • Abstracts and posters presented as part of conference proceedings.
  • Results presented at meetings (for example, to inform investigators or participants about findings).
  • Results in databases and clinical trials registries (data without interpretation, discussion, context or conclusions in the form of tables and text to describe data/information).
  • Dissertations and theses in university archives.

   The authors must avoid the text recycling. If it is not possible then the authors must provide the appropriate citation of the original source in the manuscript.

Fabrication, falsification, and image manipulation

 

Data fabrication is the intentional misrepresentation of research data by making-up findings, recording, or reporting of results. Data falsification is the manipulation of research materials, equipment, or processes, including omitting and changing data, with the intention of giving a false impression. Changes to images can create misleading results when research data are collected as images. Inappropriate image manipulation is one form of fabrication or falsification that journals can identify. It may, however, be legitimate and even necessary to edit images. For example, the selective enlargement of part of an artwork may be needed to reveal features that would not otherwise be visible and editing of video data may be needed to protect the privacy of participants.

The six CLIP (Clinical and Laboratory Images in Publications) principles present guidance for documenting and publishing clinical and laboratory images. The Council of Science Editors discusses image manipulation in its white paper on research integrity. The Office of Research Integrity provides forensic tools for examination of images and samples. The editorial team can provide help if needed about image manipulation and, where appropriate, might check images.

·        Specific features within an image should not be enhanced, obscured, removed, moved, or added.

·        Adjustments to brightness or contrast are not acceptable.

·        Excessive manipulations, such as processing to emphasize one region in the image at the expense of others, are inappropriate, as is emphasizing experimental data relative to the control.

·        Nonlinear adjustments or deleting portions of a recording must be disclosed in a figure legend.

·        Constructing figures from different gels, fields, exposures, and experimental series is discouraged. When this is necessary the component parts of composite images should be indicated by dividing lines clearly demarcated in the figure and described in the legend.

·        Original unprocessed images must be provided by authors should any indication of the foregoing be identified. It may be helpful for journals to suggest that original unprocessed images be submitted alongside any images that have been processed

 

Accepted manuscripts: 

 

All illustrations have to be uploaded individually, one file for each cited figure number, in JPEG, GIF, PNG, PS, EPS or TIFF format. Every illustration and table is to be identified in the submitted manuscript, e.g. Fig. 1., Table 1., etc. Each figure should have 600 dpi resolution when reproduced in 7.5 cm (3in.) width.

 

Figure and Table captions should be presented as a complete list, starting on a separate page, even if they are also included with the figures.

 

Brief biographies: one paragraph (no more than 500 words) per author.

 

Optional electronic files 

 

* Supplemental material to aid the reviewers (including auxiliary document, figure and table files) 

 

* Multimedia files (including datasets, audio and video files)

 

On completion of a successful submission, a confirmation screen with manuscript will appear and you will receive an e-mail confirming that the manuscript has been received by the journal. If you do not receive an e-mail acknowledgment that your paper has been received, it means that your submission is incomplete. Please re-enter the site and double-check that you have reviewed and clicked ‘submit’ on screen twelve and/or contact tech support by phone (888-503-1050; Tolll-free: 888-503-1050) e-mail ( support@scholarone.com ), or via the red Get Help Now link on the upper right-hand corner of the login screen. You may also contact the JSID Administrator by e-mail ( jsidadmin@sid.org ).

 

Appeal against the Editorial decision  

The authors are encouraged to write to EIC and admin staff to appeal against the editorial decisions if they are not satisfied with the decision.

 

·      The appeal letter must contain a clear explanation why the editorial team should reconsider the decision.

·        The appeal must be submitted to EIC or admin staff by email with in 7-days after receiving the first decision.

·        Editors reserve the rights on override earlier decisions following appropriate reconsideration of the editorial process and decision making (for example, additional factual input by the authors, revisions, extra material in the manuscript, or appeals about conflicts of interest and concerns about biased peer review).

·        Editors may seek comments from additional peer reviewers or program subcommittee chairs to help them make their final decision.

·        Editors decision will be final.

 

Use of Artificial Intelligence 

·        Generative Artificial Intelligence tools (GenAI)—such as ChatGPT and others based on large language models (LLMs)—can increase productivity and foster innovation if used appropriately in a safe, ethical and secure manner. STM has general guidance for all stakeholders in scholarly publishing which addresses the role of generative AI technologies. If an author has used a GenAI tool to develop any portion of a manuscript, its use must be described, transparently and in detail, in the Methods section (or via a disclosure or within the Acknowledgements section, as applicable). The author is fully responsible for the accuracy of any information provided by the tool and for correctly referencing any supporting work on which that information depends. GenAI tools must not be used to create, alter or manipulate original research data and results. Tools that are used to improve spelling, grammar, and general editing are not included in the scope of these guidelines. The final decision about whether use of a GenAI tool is appropriate or permissible in the circumstances of a submitted manuscript or a published article lies with the EIC and program committee chairs.

·        GenAI tools cannot be considered capable of initiating an original piece of research without direction by humans. Tools cannot be accountable for a published work or for research design, which is a generally held requirement of authorship (as discussed in the Authorship section in these guidelines), nor does it have legal standing or the ability to hold or assign copyright. Therefore—in accordance with COPE’s position statement on Authorship and AI tools—these tools cannot fulfil the role of, nor be listed as, an author of an article.

Research Ethics

It is essential that all necessary consents and approvals have been obtained from the authors to publish their work.

Animals in research

Research involving animals should be conducted with the same rigor as research in humans. The SID digest encourages authors to implement the 3Rs principles of replacement (approaches which avoid or replace the use of animals), reduction (methods which minimize the number of animals used) and refinement (methods which minimize animal suffering and improve welfare).

The International Council for Laboratory Animal Science (ICLAS) has published ethical guidelines for researchers, editors, and reviewers.


The SID digest encourages authors to adhere to animal research reporting standards, for example the ARRIVE reporting guidelines, which describe the details journals should require from authors regarding:

 

1.      Study design and statistical analysis.

2.      Experimental procedures.

3.      Experimental animals.

4.      Housing and husbandry.

The SID digest reminds authors to confirm that ethical and legal approval was obtained prior to the start of the study and state the name of the body giving the approval. The authors also should state whether experiments were performed in accordance with relevant institutional and national guidelines and regulations. For example:

1.      US authors should cite compliance with the US National Research Council’s “Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals,” the US Public Health Service’s “Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals” and “Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals.”

2.      UK authors should conform to UK legislation under the Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986 Amendment Regulations (SI 2012/3039).

3.       European authors outside the UK should conform to Directive 2010/63/EU.

4.      Australian authors should conform to the Australian Code for the Care and Use of Animals for Scientific Purposes.



Editors/reviewers may request additional comments or information on the standard of experimental reporting, experimental design, or any other aspects of the study reported that may cause concern. If concerns are raised or clarifications are needed, they may need to request evidence of ethical research approval or question authors.

Bias-free language

For research which includes, or refers to, human participants, it is necessary to detail the study population which requires the use of descriptors. It is important that the language and descriptors used to describe research populations are bias-free. The American Psychological Association have guidelines for eliminating bias in language in relation to gender, age, racial and ethnic background, sexual orientation, disability status, and socioeconomic status. Further guidance on the comprehensive reporting of sex and gender in research including humans and animals are also provided by the Sex and Gender Equity in Research (SAGER) guidelines. 

For research related to gender, age, racial and ethnic background, sexual orientation, disability status, and socioeconomic status, there may occasionally be qualitative data from participants (i.e. direct quotes or transcribed interviews) which may include derogatory demographic descriptors. Wherever possible, authors should avoid using derogatory demographic descriptors or offensive language unless it is essential to the research in question. For example, offensive language may be appropriate to include if it is a direct quote (and noted as such) from a participant reporting their own personal experiences of the use of such language.

Cultures and heritage

The US Office for Human Research Protection has a searchable database of independent community institutional review boards that approve research and publication of culturally sensitive materials. More information is provided in “Principles and Procedures: Conducting Research in a Maori Context” from Waikato Institute of Technology and “Community IRBs and Research Review Boards: Shaping the Future of Community-Engaged Research” from Albert Einstein College of Medicine.

There is recognition of increasing innovation in the management of joint copyright in relation to intercultural research, to enable appropriate legal acknowledgment of intellectual property in attribution and acknowledgment.

Editors should consider any sensitivities when publishing images of objects that might have cultural significance or cause offence (for example, religious texts or historical events). In addition:

1.      Editors should be conscious of the ethics surrounding publication of images of human remains and should recognize that human remains are perceived differently in different cultures. Images of human remains should not be published without consideration of the views of any demonstrated genealogical descendants or affiliated cultural communities, if feasible. In cases where descendants or affiliated cultural communities cannot be contacted, images of human remains should not be published without consultation with and permission from the curating institution or relevant stakeholder. For more information refer to the British Association of Biological Anthropology and Osteoarchaeology Code of Ethics.

2.      Cultural restrictions do exist in some cultures that prevent publication of the names of deceased people. In Aboriginal Australian culture, this often extends to publication of photographs or film footage of deceased persons. Editors are encouraged to consider any sensitivities and, if necessary, confer with the author about appropriate representation of subjects in published work.

 

Ethnicity and race

When detailing demographic information about a study population, it is advisable to use terms to designate ethnicity (e.g. African American and South Asian) rather than race. The British Sociological Association (BSA) have devised some language guidelines for when referring to ethnicity and race.

Human studies and subjects

For manuscripts reporting studies involving human participants, including but extending beyond medical research, The SID digest requires a statement from authors to confirm that the appropriate ethical approval has been received, along with details of the approving ethics committee, and that the study conforms to recognized standards, see for example, Declaration of HelsinkiUS Federal Policy for the Protection of Human Subjects; European Medicines Agency Guidelines for Good Clinical Practice or the Ethical Review Methods for Biomedical Research involving Humans adopted by the National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People’s Republic of China.

o   The SID digest only consider publishing research which includes individual participants’ information and images where the authors’ have obtained the prior informed consent from all participants. 

o   Non-essential identifying details should be omitted. Informed consent should be obtained if there is any doubt that anonymity can be maintained. For example, masking the eye region in photographs of patients is inadequate protection of anonymity.

o    To ensure that informed consent has been obtained, the SID digest should require authors to confirm this upon submission, and require that this information be included in a statement to this effect within their manuscript. Note that consent to participate in research is separate from consent to publish. It is necessary to obtain consent to publish if there is any possibility that information shared may identify an individual person, and document that this has been given within the manuscript. Consent forms do not need to be submitted with the manuscript, but researchers should provide necessary details if requested to do so by the journal. Many journals provide their authors with templated consent forms which they can use to seek informed consent from participants.

o   In the case of technical images (for example, radiographs or micrographs), the authors should ensure that all information that could identify the subject has been removed from the image. For voices or images of any human subject, permission according to applicable national laws must be sought from research participants before recording or distributing. In many jurisdictions, it is a requirement that formal copyright clearance is obtained to publish any video or audio recordings. When publishing genetic sequences or family genograms the authors must provide consent from.

Jurisdictional neutrality

We recognize that the global research community includes diverse perspectives on many issues, including the legal status of certain countries/regions. We believe the best way to respect those diverse views is for authors and editors to be able to identify their own institutional and country/region affiliations. We achieve this by being neutral on any jurisdictional claims. This means that the geographical designations and institutional affiliations in published materials do not represent Wiley’s opinion about the legal status of any country or region.

1.4 For Reviewers

What is peer review?

Peer review is designed to assess the validity, quality and often the originality of articles for publication. Its ultimate purpose is to maintain the integrity of science by filtering out invalid or poor quality articles. Peer reviewers should play an important role in identifying potential questionable research practices such as possible data fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, redundant or duplicate publication, image manipulation, unethical research, biased reporting, authorship abuse, and undeclared conflicts of interest.

 

From a publisher’s perspective, peer review functions as a filter for content, directing better quality articles to better quality journals and so creating journal brands.

Running articles through the process of peer review adds value to them. For this reason publishers need to make sure that peer review is robust.

1.4.1.      Presence of Peer Review Policy

The reviewers are required to:

·        Respect the confidentiality of peer review, and not discuss the manuscript or contact the authors or any other people about the manuscript.

·        Declare any conflicts of interest.

·        Provide an objective and constructive explanation for their recommendation.

·        Not allow their decision on a manuscript to be influenced by its origin or authorship.

·        Avoid requesting that the author cites the peer reviewer’s own papers, unless there is a strong scholarly rationale for this.

·        Not reproduce information or any part of the manuscript under review in any of their own work prior to publication by the authors.

·        Only agree to peer review manuscripts within their expertise and within a reasonable timeframe.

·        Not delay publication.

·        Not use insulting, hostile, or defamatory language.

·        Destroy submitted manuscripts and all related material after they have reviewed them.

Please refer to the link below for full Peer Review policy-

https://authorservices.wiley.com/Reviewers/journal-reviewers/tools-and-resources/index.html

 

Plagiarism, duplicate/redundant publication, text recycling, and translations

 

Plagiarism

The SID digest uses ithenticate software to check the plagiarism and manuscript with more than 30% overlap require additional justification otherwise are rejected without review. A discussion of plagiarism is provided by the US Office of Research Integrity (ORI) in its policy on plagiarism. Included in this discussion is the general working definition: “ORI considers plagiarism to include both the theft or misappropriation of intellectual property and the substantial unattributed textual copying of another’s work. It does not include authorship or credit disputes.”

 

Duplicate submission

The authors must avoid duplicate publication, which is reproducing verbatim content from their other publications.”

·        Any previously published results, including numerical information and figures or images, must be labelled to make it clear where they were previously reported.

·        The manuscript should be an original work, should not been published before, and is not being considered for publication elsewhere in its final form.

·        The authors are expected to avoid the text recycling. If it is not possible then the authors must provide the appropriate citation of the original source in the manuscript.

·        The following types of “prior publication” do not present cause for concerns about duplicate or redundant publication (see also the information in these guidelines on preprints):

o   Abstracts and posters presented as part of conference proceedings.

o   Results presented at meetings (for example, to inform investigators or participants about findings).

o   Results in databases and clinical trials registries (data without interpretation, discussion, context or conclusions in the form of tables and text to describe data/information).

o   Dissertations and theses in university archives.

  If concurrent or multiple submissions are detected, the reviewers must report to the editor.

1.4.2.      Reviewer eligibility  

An expert in the article's research field and the member of the topical program subcommittee.

Editors/program chair/Program subcommittee chair/Special topic chairs  might ask you to look at a specific aspect of an article, even if the overall topic is outside of your specialist knowledge. They should outline in their invitation to review just what it is they would like you to assess.

Policy on Conflict of interest

The reviewers should disclose interests that might appear to affect their ability to review work objectively. These might include relevant financial interests (for example, patent ownership, stock ownership, consultancies, or speaker’s fees), or personal, political, or religious interests.

1.5 Publication policy

1.5.1.      Fundings

The authors must acknowledge the funding source received to conduct the research disclosed in the submitted manuscript. For example, in the Acknowledgments section. If there is no specific funding this should be stated. The role of the research funder beyond providing funding itself should also be described. It may be important to disclose, for example, if a commercial organization funded the study, designed the study, and also recruited the investigators.

Other sources of support should be clearly identified in the Acknowledgments section of the manuscript. For example, these might include funding for open access publication derived from a grant or from an author’s institution, or funding for writing or editorial assistance, or provision of experimental materials.

1.5.2.      Data Sharing Policy

Be sure to read Wiley's Guidelines on Data Sharing Policies  before submitting your paper.

We encourage authors of articles published in our journals to share their research data including, but not limited to: raw data, processed data, software, algorithms, protocols, methods, materials. All research- and synthesis-based articles must include a Data Availability Statement, whether or not the data used in the article is shared.

1.5.3.      Ethical Statement

Be sure to read Wiley's Guidelines on Publishing Ethics before submitting your paper.

These guidelines present a further update to the Wiley publishing ethics guidelines first published in 2006 and revised in 2014. Our aim for these guidelines remains to support all those involved in scholarly publishing with a summary of best practice guidance with respect to research integrity and publishing ethics from leading organizations around the world. Our guidelines are written for researchers, in their various roles as editors, authors and peer reviewers; societies; librarians; funders; corporations; publishers; and journalists.

In updating and expanding the guidelines, we worked with members of Wiley's research integrity team with expertise in handling issues in research integrity and publishing ethics. We recognize that different disciplines have different practices and that one size does not necessarily fit all. Where guidelines have particular application to one discipline or group of disciplines, we have aimed to identify this clearly in the text. This version was published on April 17, 2020. It was updated on December 14, 2020 to reflect updates to author name changes and on June 30, 2021 to include a section on Diversity, Equity and Inclusion and guidance for research on plants and geological samples. A further update to guidance on corrections was added September 26, 2022. Reference was included to the NISO Peer Review Terminology Standard on August 10, 2023 and those descriptors were adopted in the text. Updates to include more information on the use of generative Artificial Intelligence tools, Systematic manipulation of the publication process and SAGER guidelines were made on April 11, 2024.

Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and other resources

COPE is a non-profit organization dedicated to promoting integrity in research and its publication. Wiley offers membership to COPE for all of its journal editors. COPE serves more than 12,000 members around the world with practical guidelines, resources, e-learning, seminars, and much more. An overview of COPE’s activities is provided here. COPE have defined a set of recommended core practices that are applicable to all involved in publishing scholarly literature: editors and journal teams, publishers and institutions. The rationale for the development of the core practices is explained here. We have also referred to specific COPE resources, amongst the many ethics resources that are available, where relevant throughout these guidelines. COPE also provides editors with independent advice from other editors about difficult cases via the COPE Forum. Through its case archive, a searchable database of cases from 1997 onwards, COPE enables editors to learn from similar cases. In addition, there are other resources available for use. The US Office of Research Integrity has published “Managing Allegations of Scientific Misconduct: A Guidance Document for Editors”. The European Association for Chemical and Molecular Sciences (EuCheMS) has published “Ethical Guidelines for Publications in Journals and Reviews.”

Publication ethics at Wiley

If you are a Wiley editor, peer reviewer or author seeking advice, please contact the relevant Wiley publisher or journal contact. Otherwise, and if your query relates to matters addressed by or related to these guidelines with respect to a Wiley journal, please contact our Publication Ethics team via this form. Queries received via this form will be directed to the research integrity team or journal contact at Wiley, as appropriate.

Wiley’s research integrity team establishes and implements ethical policies for journals in Wiley’s Research organization and investigates and resolves ethical issues affecting them with support from other areas of the publishing organization as needed. It also approves any amendments to published articles (retractions, withdrawals, Expressions of Concern) and advises on research integrity and publication ethics issues.

 

Academic debate

Journals should facilitate post-publication academic debate either on their site, through letters to the editor, or on an external moderated site. They must have mechanisms for correcting, revising and retracting articles after publication. Journals should encourage correspondence and constructive criticism of the work they publish. If an item of correspondence discusses a specific article, the journal should invite the authors of the work to respond before the correspondence is published. When possible, the correspondence and the authors’ response should be published at the same time. Authors may choose not to respond to this invitation. They do not have a right to veto comments about their work that the editor judges to be constructive. They may advise editors accordingly about unconstructive comments.

Authorship

Authors and contributors

Authorship gives recognition and credit for work done, accountability for reported research, confers moral and legal rights (copyright) and plays an important role in shaping academic careers. However, authorship issues remain a common concern faced by editors. COPE’s discussion document on authorship explores the issues in detail and provides practical advice.

SID Digest strongly endorsed the COPE recommendations to allow for transparency about who contributed to the work and in what capacity for authorship and contributorship as well as processes for managing potential disputes.

There is no universal definition of authorship, and practices vary by discipline and communities especially when individuals collaborate across subject areas. Different disciplines adopt their own criteria, for example, the ICMJE (International Committee of Medical Journal Editors) guidelines are well-known in the biomedical fields, the APA (American Psychological Association) guidelines are used in Psychology, the EuChemS (European Chemical Society) guidelines are adopted in Chemistry, whereas in the arts, humanities and social sciences, publications by single authors are more common. However, the minimum recognized requirements for authorship are making a substantial contribution to the research and being accountable for the work undertaken COPE Discussion document: authorship.

Authors notification

The SID digest will notify all authors about the received submission. To increase transparency, the authors are encouraged to include the “author contribution statements” that explain how each author contributed to a piece of work. This approach has been recently extended by the CRediT "Contributor Roles Taxonomy" an open standard of 14 item terms that allows for a standardized description of each author’s individual contribution to an manuscript. This information can be captured in author metadata and linked to authors’ ORCID profiles for full transparency of authors’ contributions. See discussion by McNutt et al. (2018).

 

An individual who does not meet authorship criteria for a specific piece of work but has contributed in some capacity should be acknowledged, with their approval. Minors who have been involved in a piece of research (for example, children using technology) are typically acknowledged as they cannot be fully accountable for all aspects of the research.



Deceased authors

If a manuscript is submitted with a deceased author listed, or an author passes away while the manuscript is being peer reviewed, then a footnote or similar should be added to the published article to indicate this. Often journals use a dagger symbol (†) with a footnote explaining the situation. A co-author should vouch for the contribution made by the deceased author and their potential conflicts of interest. If the deceased author was a corresponding author then another co-author should be nominated. Note that copyright is considered personal property under the law. If the author had not yet signed a copyright transfer agreement or license, or granted a co-author the right to do so on his/her behalf in writing, permission would need to be obtained from the author’s inheritor.



Author name changes after publication

In cases where authors wish to change their name following publication, Wiley will update and republish the paper and redeliver the updated metadata to indexing services. Our editorial and production teams will use discretion in recognizing that name changes may be of a sensitive and private nature for various reasons including (but not limited to) alignment with gender identity, or as a result of marriage, divorce, or religious conversion. Accordingly, to protect the author's privacy, we will not publish a correction notice to the paper, and we will not notify co-authors of the change. Authors should contact the  EIC and SID admin with their name change request.

Authorship disputes

The authors shall reach out to the EIC if they cannot resolve the dispute themselves.



Editors and journal staff as authors

Editors or board members should not be involved in editorial decisions about their own scholarly work. The Editors and editorial team members are excluded from publication decisions when they are authors or have contributed to a manuscript.

 

 


Citations

 

Citation and reference to appropriate and relevant literature is an essential part of scholarly publishing and is a shared responsibility among all involved (authors, editors, peer reviewers). Authors should not engage in excessive self-citation of their own work. Editors and peer reviewers should not ask authors to add citations to their papers when there is no strong scholarly rationale for doing so. The issue of inappropriate citation (including citation stacking and citation cartels) has been discussed by COPE, and COPE have produced a discussion document on citation manipulation with recommendations for best practice.

 

Commercial Considerations and Editorial Independence

Commercial considerations

SID Digest strongly endorsed the Council of Science Editors in their white paper on research integrity and in COPE’s Core Practices. Editors and editorial team must minimize the risk of editorial decisions being influenced by commercial, personal, or political factors.

·        Editors should be free to judge all submissions on their scholarly merit and on their potential importance to the community that the journal serves.

·        Editorial decisions about individual papers should remain separate from the sale of advertising.

·        The editors must ensure that the funding organization should not be allowed to influence the selection or editing of submissions, and all funded items should be clearly identified.

·        The editorial decisions must not be influenced by payment of an open-access-article publication charge or other type of payment made by authors.

 

Commercial issues, supplements, and other funded publications

Editors should not permit funding organizations to make decisions beyond which publications they choose to fund. Decisions about the selection and editing of contents to be published should be made by the editor (or editorial team) of the funded publication.

The EIC may nominate “guest” or external editors to support the publishing of supplements, special issues, or similar publications. In this case, it is the EIC’s responsibility to disclose the journal policy and ensure it is implemented by those external editors. EIC should reserve the right not to publish any funded publication that does not comply with SID digest requirements.

Editorial independence

SID Digest strongly endorsed the Council of Science Editors recommendations of editorial independence in council’s White Paper on “Promoting Integrity in Scientific Journal Publications.”

·        Editors’ decisions about whether to publish individual manuscripts submitted to SID digest should not be influenced by pressure from the SID officers, executive Board, or the publisher.

·        The SID officers, executive Board, or the publisher should not get involved in decisions made by the EIC about individual articles, except if legal or ethical issues arise with respect to an article.

·        Editors should Give peer reviewers explicit guidance on their role and responsibilities and consider encouraging the use of reporting guidelines to check completeness of reporting in a systematic way.

·        Editors should ensure manuscripts are handled confidentially in accordance with COPE guidelines and the applicable terms and conditions agreed by the author upon submission (including the journal owner’s privacy policy and transfer network terms, if applicable). If discussions between an author, editor, and peer reviewer have taken place in confidence they should remain in confidence unless explicit consent has been given by all parties, or unless there are exceptional circumstances (for example, when they might help substantiate claims of intellectual property theft during peer review).

 

Conflicts of interest

Editors, authors, and peer reviewers should disclose interests that might appear to affect their ability to present or review work objectively. These might include relevant financial interests (for example, patent ownership, stock ownership, consultancies, or speaker’s fees), or personal, political, or religious interests.

·      Editors should ask peer reviewers to disclose any conflicts of interest when they respond to an invitation to review and also when they submit their review (since conflicts may only be identified after reading the manuscript). Editors should ask that reviewers decline invitations where circumstances might prevent them writing an unbiased review. Examples of potential conflicts of interest include when they have collaborated with the authors recently, when they are based in the same institution as the authors, when they are in direct competition with the authors, when they have personal conflict or close personal relationship or association with the authors, or when they have a financial interest in the manuscript.

·        EIC, board members, and staff who are involved with decisions about publication should declare their interests.

·        EIC, board members, and staff should be disclose all the interest, including the period that these statements should cover (for example, 3 years).

·        Editors should ask authors to describe relevant funding, including the purpose of the funding (for example, travel grant and speaker’s fees), and to describe relevant patents, stocks, and shares that they own.

·        Editors should ensure the publication of authors’ conflicts of interest whenever they are relevant, or a statement of their absence. If there is doubt editors should opt in favor of greater disclosure.

·        If authors state that there are no conflicts of interest, editors should publish a confirmation to this effect.

·        Editors should manage peer reviewers’ conflicts of interest. An invitation to review a manuscript should be accompanied by a request for the reviewer to reveal any potential conflicts of interest and a request for the peer reviewer to disqualify or recuse themselves when these are relevant.

·        When editors, members of editorial boards, and other editorial staff are presented with papers where their own interests may be perceived to impair their ability to make an unbiased editorial decision, they should withdraw from discussions, deputize decisions, or suggest that authors seek publication in a different journal.



Copyright and intellectual property

It is a legal requirement for an author to sign a copyright agreement of some kind before publication. The authors should transfer their copyright to the SID digest and Wiley.

Copyright Transfer Agreement (CTA). Under this form of agreement, the author retains certain re-use rights in their article, but transfers copyright to the society or publisher.

Exclusive License Agreement (ELA). This form of copyright agreement grants exclusive rights to the journal owner, but the authors retain copyright in their article.

Authors wishing to make their article open access must sign an Open Access Agreement. Wiley has published separate guidance about copyright.

Open Access Agreement: Wiley requires authors wishing to make their article open access to sign an Open Access Agreement providing for the article to be made available under one of the Creative Commons Licenses in order to meet the terms of open access publication and ensure the widest possible dissemination. The Creative Commons website explains how these licenses work. At the time of writing these guidelines, Wiley uses three Creative Commons Licenses: CC-BY, CC-BY-NC, and CC-BY-NC-ND.

 

Corrections, expressions of concern, retractions, and withdrawals

Corrections

SID digest encourage readers and the authors to notify them if they find errors. Once notified, SID admin should work with the authors and Wiley to correct significant published errors. A published error is significant when, for example:

·        Important content is incorrect; 

·        The error affects the interpretation of data or information presented in the article;

·        The article’s funders are not acknowledged in compliance with their rules; or

·        The article’s metadata (author list, title, etc.) is wrong, thereby affecting its discoverability on third-party abstracting and indexing sites.

While SID digest and Wiley welcomes feedback on all errors in order to improve, not all errors require correction after publication. Minor copyediting or typesetting errors that do not affect the meaning or interpretation of an article are generally not corrected after publication, nor is content added to an article that is beyond its original scope, such as additional references or updates to the text based on information not available at the article’s time of publication. The Editor, Editorial board and publisher will determine whether an error is significant enough to merit correction.

When an error is identified:

·        EIC should consider retraction if errors are so fundamental that they invalidate the findings.

·        Corrections arising from errors within an article should be distinguishable from retractions and statements of concern relating to questionable research practices.

·        Corrections should be neutral in tone.

·        Corrections should be included in indexing systems and linked to the original article online.

The format the correction will take will depend on the article’s stage of publication. For example, for those articles that have been published in Early View—which is the Version of Record before inclusion in an issue—corrections may be made directly to the article online. In these cases, an audit trail must be added to the article to highlight what changes have been made to the article since its initial publication, as well as the date these changes were made.

For those articles which have been published in an issue, a corresponding correction statement should be published separately and linked to the original article. In these cases, the changes are usually not made directly to the online article. We encourage authors to use this Correction Template when drafting a corrections statement for an article published in an issue. An Accepted Article (the unedited, manuscript version of an article available on Wiley Online Library) is not usually corrected as it is replaced by the Version of Record.

Expressions of concern

Expressions of Concern may be published if editors have well-founded concerns or suspicions and feel that readers should be made aware of potentially misleading information. See this COPE Forum discussion. Editors should use caution: an Expression of Concern carries the same risks to a researcher’s reputation as a retraction, and it is often preferable to wait to publish a retraction when a definitive judgment has been made by an independent investigation. The full Wiley policy for Expressions of Concern is available online.

 

The title of an Expression of Concern should include the words “Expression of Concern” as well as information to identify the article that it refers to. It should be published on a numbered page (electronic and print if print versions available) and should be listed in the journal’s table of contents. It should cite the original article and link electronically with the original electronic publication wherever possible. It should explain the editor’s concerns about the contents of the article. It should be in a form that enables indexing and abstracting services to identify and link to original publications and be free to access.

Retractions

The SID digest is committed for maintaining the integrity of the scholarly record, therefore on occasion, it may be necessary to retract articles. SID digest strongly endorse COPE guidelines for retracting articles which suggest that journals should consider publishing retractions for articles when:

·        They have clear evidence that the findings are unreliable, either as a result of major error (e.g. miscalculation or experimental error), or as a result of fabrication (e.g. of data) or falsification (e.g. image manipulation)

·        It constitutes plagiarism

·        The findings have previously been published elsewhere without proper attribution to previous sources or disclosure to the editor, permission to republish, or justification (i.e., cases of redundant publication)

·        It contains material or data without authorization for use

·        Copyright has been infringed or there is some other serious legal issue (e.g. libel, privacy)

·        It reports unethical research

·        It has been published solely on the basis of a compromised or manipulated peer review process

·        The author(s) failed to disclose a major competing interest or conflict of interest that, in the view of the editor, would have unduly affected interpretations of the work or recommendations by editors and peer reviewers

 

Wiley’s policy for handling retractions and circumstances under which these options will be considered, is available online. All retractions are reviewed and approved by Wiley's research integrity team.

The title of a Retraction should include the words “Retraction” as well as information to identify the article that it refers to. It should be published on a numbered page (electronic and print if print versions available) and should be listed in the journal’s table of contents. It should cite the original article and link electronically with the original electronic publication wherever possible. It should enable the reader to identify and understand why the article is being retracted. It should be in a form that enables indexing and abstracting services to identify and link to original publications and be free to access.

Withdrawals

There may be circumstances under which an article may be withdrawn following publication. It is the SID digest policy to strongly discourage withdrawal of the Version of Record in line with the International Association of Scientific, Technical and Medical Publishers guidelines on retractions and preservation of the objective record of science. The full Wiley policy for withdrawals is available online.

 

Data and reporting guidelines

Data sharing

Open research initiatives, such as sharing “FAIR” data (data that is Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable), bring many benefits, including increased transparency and reproducibility of research outputs. The SID digest strongly encourage the authors to share the data where applicable.

 

Data protection legislation

The SID digest comply with data protection legislation. Editors who work with Wiley that have any concerns about data protection should seek advice from Wiley. Further information on Wiley’s privacy policy is available here.

 

Diversity, Equity and Inclusion

The SID digest strongly advocate the Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion refer to efforts to create a more welcoming environment for all people and to foster more diverse, inclusive and equitable communities. Diverse perspectives offer new ideas, avenues of discovery and solutions to research problems and scholarly communication. Expanding equity and inclusivity initiatives increases the likelihood that research will benefit everyone in our global communities. The SID digest editorial teams and publishers therefore are committed to foster these values within the research communities they represent, ensuring diverse representation and an equitable and inclusive experience for all involved.

Fabrication, falsification, and image manipulation

 

Data fabrication is the intentional misrepresentation of research data by making-up findings, recording, or reporting of results. Data falsification is the manipulation of research materials, equipment, or processes, including omitting and changing data, with the intention of giving a false impression. Changes to images can create misleading results when research data are collected as images. Inappropriate image manipulation is one form of fabrication or falsification that journals can identify. It may, however, be legitimate and even necessary to edit images. For example, the selective enlargement of part of an artwork may be needed to reveal features that would not otherwise be visible and editing of video data may be needed to protect the privacy of participants.

The six CLIP (Clinical and Laboratory Images in Publications) principles present guidance for documenting and publishing clinical and laboratory images. The Council of Science Editors discusses image manipulation in its white paper on research integrity. The Office of Research Integrity provides forensic tools for examination of images and samples. The editorial team can provide help if needed about image manipulation and, where appropriate, might check images.

·        Specific features within an image should not be enhanced, obscured, removed, moved, or added.

·        Adjustments to brightness or contrast are not acceptable.

·        Excessive manipulations, such as processing to emphasize one region in the image at the expense of others, are inappropriate, as is emphasizing experimental data relative to the control.

·        Nonlinear adjustments or deleting portions of a recording must be disclosed in a figure legend.

·        Constructing figures from different gels, fields, exposures, and experimental series is discouraged. When this is necessary the component parts of composite images should be indicated by dividing lines clearly demarcated in the figure and described in the legend.

·        Original unprocessed images must be provided by authors should any indication of the foregoing be identified. It may be helpful for journals to suggest that original unprocessed images be submitted alongside any images that have been processed.

 

 

Investigation of questionable research practices


The Editorial team of the SID digest are committed for the technical quality of the publication. If concerns about questionable research practices may be raised through the use of screening software or by editors, peer reviewers, or third parties. The editorial team will follow the COPE guideline to address the related concern. Sometimes further investigation may require disclosing the third party’s identity. If so, the individual should be informed and give approval before their identity is disclosed. Regardless of whether the concern arose from screening, editors, peer reviewers, or third parties, potentially questionable research practices that have specific, detailed evidence to support the claim or concern should be investigated appropriately, whether they are raised anonymously or otherwise. The international models for responding to allegations of questionable research practices are discussed by the Council of Science Editors in its recommendations for identification of such practices and guidelines for action the SID digest team will adopt the same process for investigation. 

1.      Cases will be handled by the team led by the EIC/chair appointed by the EIC at a speed that allows appropriate care to be taken.

2.      It is understood that the investigations may lead to Retractions, Withdrawals, Expressions of Concern, or other outcomes.

3.      Editors seeking advice about suspected questionable research practices should discuss with the Editorial board and then follow the case with Wiley.